TY - JOUR
T1 - Allergic sensitization and filaggrin variants predispose to the comorbidity of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis
T2 - Results from the Isle of Wight birth cohort
AU - H M Ziyab, Ali
AU - Karmaus, W.
AU - Zhang, H.
AU - Holloway, J. W.
AU - Steck, S. E.
AU - Ewart, S.
AU - Arshad, S. H.
PY - 2014/1/1
Y1 - 2014/1/1
N2 - Summary: Background: Allergic sensitization and filaggrin gene (FLG) variants are important risk factors for allergic disorders; however, knowledge on their individual and interactive effects on the coexistence of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis is lacking. Objective: This study aimed at investigating the single and combined effects of allergic sensitization and FLG variants on the development of single and multiple allergic disorders. Methods: The Isle of Wight birth cohort (n = 1456) has been examined at 1, 2, 4, 10, and 18 years of age. Repeated measurements of eczema, asthma, rhinitis, and skin prick tests were available for all follow-ups. FLG variants were genotyped in 1150 participants. Associations of allergic sensitization and FLG variants with single and multiple allergic disorders were tested in log-binomial regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of eczema-, asthma-, and rhinitis-only ranged from 5.6% to 8.5%, 4.9% to 10.2%, and 2.5% to 20.4%, respectively, during the first 18 years of life. The coexistence of allergic disorders is common, with approximately 2% of the population reporting the comorbidity of 'eczema, asthma, and rhinitis' during the study period. In repeated measurement analyses, allergic sensitization and FLG variants, when analysed separately, were associated with having single and multiple allergic disorders. Of particular significance, their combined effect increased the risk of 'eczema and asthma' (RR = 13.67, 95% CI: 7.35-25.42), 'asthma and rhinitis' (RR = 7.46, 95% CI: 5.07-10.98), and 'eczema, asthma, and rhinitis' (RR = 23.44, 95% CI: 12.27-44.78). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The coexistence of allergic disorders is frequent, and allergic sensitization and FLG variants jointly increased risk of allergic comorbidities, which may represent more severe and complex clinical phenotypes. The interactive effect and the elevated proportion of allergic comorbidities associated with allergic sensitization and FLG variants emphasize their joint importance in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders.
AB - Summary: Background: Allergic sensitization and filaggrin gene (FLG) variants are important risk factors for allergic disorders; however, knowledge on their individual and interactive effects on the coexistence of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis is lacking. Objective: This study aimed at investigating the single and combined effects of allergic sensitization and FLG variants on the development of single and multiple allergic disorders. Methods: The Isle of Wight birth cohort (n = 1456) has been examined at 1, 2, 4, 10, and 18 years of age. Repeated measurements of eczema, asthma, rhinitis, and skin prick tests were available for all follow-ups. FLG variants were genotyped in 1150 participants. Associations of allergic sensitization and FLG variants with single and multiple allergic disorders were tested in log-binomial regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of eczema-, asthma-, and rhinitis-only ranged from 5.6% to 8.5%, 4.9% to 10.2%, and 2.5% to 20.4%, respectively, during the first 18 years of life. The coexistence of allergic disorders is common, with approximately 2% of the population reporting the comorbidity of 'eczema, asthma, and rhinitis' during the study period. In repeated measurement analyses, allergic sensitization and FLG variants, when analysed separately, were associated with having single and multiple allergic disorders. Of particular significance, their combined effect increased the risk of 'eczema and asthma' (RR = 13.67, 95% CI: 7.35-25.42), 'asthma and rhinitis' (RR = 7.46, 95% CI: 5.07-10.98), and 'eczema, asthma, and rhinitis' (RR = 23.44, 95% CI: 12.27-44.78). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The coexistence of allergic disorders is frequent, and allergic sensitization and FLG variants jointly increased risk of allergic comorbidities, which may represent more severe and complex clinical phenotypes. The interactive effect and the elevated proportion of allergic comorbidities associated with allergic sensitization and FLG variants emphasize their joint importance in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders.
KW - Allergic sensitization
KW - Asthma
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Eczema
KW - Filaggrin variants
KW - Interaction
KW - Rhinitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84906237660&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/cea.12321
DO - 10.1111/cea.12321
M3 - Article
C2 - 24708301
AN - SCOPUS:84906237660
VL - 44
SP - 1170
EP - 1178
JO - Clinical and Experimental Allergy
JF - Clinical and Experimental Allergy
SN - 0954-7894
IS - 9
ER -