Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes across populations

Mohamed Jahromi; George S. Eisenbarth

doi:10.1196/annals.1375.044

Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes across populations

Mohamed Jahromi, George S. Eisenbarth

Clinical Research

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

36 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

T1D results from autoimmune-mediated destruction of the pancreatic β cells, a process that is conditioned by multiple genes and environmental factors. The main genetic determinants map to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and in particular DR and DQ, although, genes outside the MHC contribute, including the insulin gene, PTPN22, and CTLA-4. There are remarkable differences in genetic susceptibility to T1D between populations. We believe this variation reflects differing frequencies of diabetes causative and protective alleles and haplotypes, and thus remains a major genetic influence linked to the MHC region not accounted for by DR and DQ alleles. In this article, we discuss global variations in genetic susceptibility to T1D in view of current genetic understanding.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Immunology of Diabetes IV
Subtitle of host publication	Progress in Our Understanding
Pages	289-299
Number of pages	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1375.044
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2006

Publication series

Name	Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Volume	1079
ISSN (Print)	0077-8923
ISSN (Electronic)	1749-6632

Keywords

CTLA- 4
Insulin
PTPN 22
Type 1A diabetes

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AB - T1D results from autoimmune-mediated destruction of the pancreatic β cells, a process that is conditioned by multiple genes and environmental factors. The main genetic determinants map to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and in particular DR and DQ, although, genes outside the MHC contribute, including the insulin gene, PTPN22, and CTLA-4. There are remarkable differences in genetic susceptibility to T1D between populations. We believe this variation reflects differing frequencies of diabetes causative and protective alleles and haplotypes, and thus remains a major genetic influence linked to the MHC region not accounted for by DR and DQ alleles. In this article, we discuss global variations in genetic susceptibility to T1D in view of current genetic understanding.

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Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes across populations

Abstract

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Keywords

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